The technology of autonomous vehicles (AV) is developing rapidly and is expected to bring systematic changes to the way we travel. An increasing number of studies focus on people's preferences, acceptance, and intention to use autonomous vehicles, although they still rarely appear in regular road traffic. Understanding the opinions of users and experts in the broadly defined field of transportation regarding these innovative technologies will enable actions aimed at increasing societal acceptance of automated and autonomous vehicles. This article presents selected research findings conducted on a representative sample of the Polish society as well as among experts. The level of acceptance does not significantly differ from that identified in studies carried out in other countries. Increasing this acceptance requires actions of various types, including organizational, legislative, technological, and educational measures. The article also presents expert-formulated suggestions for actions aimed at enhancing the efficiency of autonomous vehicle implementation in the economy.